If drugs were legalized, would law enforcement agencies benefit Essay

If drugs were legalized, would law enforcement agencies benefit - Essay Example was 1.3% in 1914, when drug availability restrictions were much more lax. In spite of the strict regulations and the vast amounts of money spent to prevent the free availability of substances that are misused this percentage of drug addiction has remained the same at the turn of the new millennium (Kane, 2000). The second key argument is more important from the perspective of law enforcement. According to this argument a lot of time, effort and money of law enforcement are currently wasted on cracking down on drugs, which could be better utilized on their other functions of crime prevention and crime detection to enable the citizens to live in a more peaceful environment. In essence this argument is for increasing the focus on crime prevention of law enforcement, instead if distracting it with the additional function of curbing the availability and misuse of drugs (Levinson, 2002). Even if the point on the law enforcement agencies efforts to curb availability and misuse of drugs is conceded that does not mean that legalizing drugs would allow the law enforcement agencies to concentrate more effectively on reducing crime and making the country more for safe for its inhabitants. This is because legalizing drugs will make them more freely available and increase the misuse of these drugs, leading to the consequences of increased misuse of drugs. One of the important outcomes of this increased misuse of drugs will be the increase in crimes particularly violent crimes. The increase in crime rates that it will in all probability overwhelm the enforcement agencies and instead of increased efficiency of crime fighting by the enforcement agencies, there will be a deterioration in their ability to cope with the increased number of crimes and the severity of these crimes. The final consequence would be reduced safety of the population of the country and more criticism of the law enforcement agencies (Wilson, 2002). This argument of increased

Annotated Bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 12

Annotated Bibliography - Essay Example ad so upset Francophone citizens during the first World War and some Anglophone bias in the recruitment, management and promotion systems of the Canadian military. Those few Francophone soldiers who did rise in the ranks conducted themselves with exemplary valor in the war and some, like Vanier, went on to take up diplomatic roles in Europe after the war was over, assisting Canada in its newfound non-colonial future. Unfortunately, however, these were the exception to the rule, and Granatstein notes that it took until the 1960s for the Canadian military to fully appreciate and value its French speaking members. This biography presents through the life of one outstanding military man a way of understanding the first half of the twentieth century as preparation for Canada’s full independence which was achieved in the second half. This second generation Scottish immigrant to Canada was typical of middle class, hardworking and modest citizens. He fought in both World Wars and achieved high rank in the second World War. This was a man who saw himself as a British subject, and a Canadian national – labels which to him contained no contradiction. He faced the difficult decisions regarding deployment of Canadian troops in dangerous missions in Europe with gravity and courage, and it is largely due to his leadership that the Canadian forces achieved the successes they did. The main message of the book is that this man changed and adapted to World War 1, the professional soldier’s role in the somewhat frustrating inter war years, to World War 2, and to a wholly new multicultural situation in the post war years, and through it all retained his commitment to Canadian national identity. This is what makes him such a good representative of twentieth century Canadian themes and issues lived out in an exemplary life before, during, and after the second World War. This article discusses the efforts made by various agencies in Canada throughout World War 2 to look after

Types of Leadership Styles

Types of Leadership Styles Introduction Leadership is a complex and diverse place of knowledge and it transforms potential into reality. (J Antonakis, etal, 2004) According to author being a leader changes everything. Its all about contribution, performance and success. This essay describe about the leadership and the styles of leadership. Firstly the author will give the explanation of leadership with different definitions. Secondly the author will explain the styles of leadership. Furthermore the author will take a real life leader on her wish and explain that particular persons leadership qualities and the style by providing enough of evidence. The meaning of Leadership Leadership has the capability to impress the will of the leader on those led and induce obedience, respect, loyalty, and corporation. He also mentions that leadership is a result of an ability to persuade or direct men, apart from prestige or power that comes from office or external circumstances. (Joanne B, 2004) On the other hand Leadership also an influence relationship among leaders and followers who intend real changes that reflect their mutual purposes. (Margaret FK, 2006) Leadership Styles There are different types of leadership styles. Leadership styles can be identified of their characteristics, an implicit leadership philosophy, and a set of management skills typical of each style. Different leadership styles that includes autocratic, democratic, laissez faire, Transformational and transactional. There are different types of leadership styles Leadership Qualities There is lot of qualities a leader should have. The author explains the most essential qualities a leader ought to have in todays society and those are: Well character which inspires the self-assurance. Action is the first point of the character. Strong character gives a happy success. Secondly, when a person become a leader he or she have to commit themselves hence the people you guide is depending on you. Communication is the third quality which could help a leader to get some companion, without communication a leader will have to travel alone. Fourthly focus is something a leader needs to work on it; a perfect focus makes a sharp leader. Finally when a problem appears a leader must know how to face that and solve it without keeping a problem as a problem. For any question mark there will be a full stop. To find answers for those problems a leader should be aware of problem solving quality. Example leader with autocratic leadership MargaretThatcher was the first and longest serving female prime minister of Britain. Self-confidence, sincerity, cheerfulness, integrity and oblige are just a few traits that expose Margaret Thatcher. She is a conviction politician. She is well known for her autocratic leadership style. She was taught bountiful works, morals and well-built custom of self help. So how approximately did Thatcher’s autocratic leadership contribute towards her prime ministerial decisions? (INFORMA AUSTRALIA, 2013) http://informaaustralia.wordpress.com/2013/11/25/margaret-thatcher-leadership-skills-of-the-iron-lady/ Determination of Thatcher is eventually what enabled her to place goals and see them through, as well as dropping the pressure of trade unions. She narrowed the pressure of unions through legislature. Thatcher finally broke the resolve of theNational Unionof Mineworkers (NUM) following a year of strikes, with the NUM finally granting without a deal. She is a woman with proud and confident and not easy to know her well. When she wants to achieve something or get something she never gives up on it even if it’s impossible. She always tends to live passionately rather than living superficially. Thatcher is good to face situation like crisis and she enjoy living at full capacity. Either positive or negative, she has a strong, immediate gut reaction, which proves to be correct. One of her confidence in her ideals was feature of her prime ministerial tenure, and it caused her to run a government based on conviction politicsand motivated mainly on her own values. (http://famous-relationships.topsynergy.com/Margaret_Thatcher/Attitude.asp, nodate). Conclusion In outline, the definitions provided gave an understanding of what is leadership. Why Leadership is important to this world. MargaretThatcher is a strong, Confidence and very power full leader. She is a good leader for this world. Reference Antonakis, J, etal (2004). The nature of leadership. Sage. Michael, W. (2002) Leaderships Adversary. Google books [online] Available at: http://books.google.lk/books/about/Leadership_s_Adversary.html?id=IZj8CjyqzykCredir_esc=y (Accessed: 23rd February 2014) Joanne B (2004) Ethics, the Heart of Leadership. Google books [online] Available at: http://books.google.lk/books?id=gr1_nnC9zUACpg=PA10dq=definition+of+leadershiphl=ensa=Xei=VFETU_nZA8qHlAXZ8IDIDgved=0CC4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepageq=definition%20of%20leadershipf=false (Accessed: 23rd February 2014) Margaret FK (2006) Gender, Race, and Ethnicity in the Workplace. Google books [online] Available at: http://books.google.lk/books?id=GatUbd5tZnACpg=PA45dq=An+influence+relationship+among+leaders+and+followers+who+intend+real+changes+that+reflect+their+mutual+purposes+%28Rost,+1991%29.hl=ensa=Xei=nFYTU4erH4z9lAW9lYCYDQved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepageq=An%20influence%20relationship%20among%20leaders%20and%20followers%20who%20intend%20real%20changes%20that%20reflect%20their%20mutual%20purposes%20(Rost%2C%201991).f=false(Accessed: 23rd February 2014) Joseph C R (1991) Leadership for the Twenty-first Century. Google books [online] http://books.google.lk/books?id=bM7E8ORH7QCpg=PA101dq=definition+on+leadershiphl=ensa=Xei=-74MU7-PKILilAXIDIAgved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepageq=definition on leadershipf=false (Accessed: 24th February 2014) D.D Warrick (1981) This article discussesleadership styletheories pp.3-4: 155-172 [online] Aailable at: fys.utk.edu/wp-content/blogs.dir/108/files//Warrick_Leadership.pdf (Accessed: 25th February 2014 ) www.ansc.purdue.edu/courses/communicationskills/leaderqualities.pdf, (no date) (Accessed: 28th February 2014) INFORMA AUSTRALIA(2013) Available at: http://informaaustralia.wordpress.com/2013/11/25/margaret-thatcher-leadership-skills-of-the-iron-lady/(Accessed:28th February 2014 ) http://famous-relationships.topsynergy.com/Margaret_Thatcher/Attitude.asp, (no date) (Accessed: 28th February 2014) http://www.centerforworklife.com/margaret-thatcher-leadership-qualities-to-note/,(no date) (Accessed: 28th February 2014) Ami22(2004) The leadership of Magaret thatcher. Available at: http://www.writework.com/essay/leadership-margaret-thatcher-first-woman-prime-minister-br (Accessed: 28th February 2014) http://kellenbaldock.wordpress.com/2013/03/10/iron-lady-leadership/(Accessed: 29th February 2014)

Essay from Things They Carried- Spin Assignment :: essays research papers

Spin Assignment Wrestling; a sport for only the top athletes, contenders if you will. We struggle through the hardest of physical, mental and emotional beatings. I could give every detail of every match I have ever wrestled in, from match score, to the people around me, to what I could have done to make it better. You remember everything about the sport. I remember doing the same thing for four years straight before every match. When I was younger my father taught me prayers to recite every night. Before every match I go directly behind the mat, by myself, and say my prayers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I remember knowing what needed to be done to make weight. Making weight is the first struggle of the sport. It’s a challenge to yourself before you can even compete, and not an easy task at that. Rubber suits, water pills, boiler rooms, jump ropes, sweats, all triggers to the memories of those long hours sweating off that last pound just to make weight for the match the next day. At the end of the night, I can recall having to wring out shirts just to take some sweat off of it so that it wouldn’t soak my sports bag. You remember how good ordinary things taste extraordinary after you weigh-in before the match and are allowed to eat again. Every average piece of food you eat tastes like a slice of heaven.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is a time before the match starts that they introduce the line-ups for the respected teams. One team is in weight order on one side of the mat and the other team is on the other side of the mat. They will announce the specific weight and call out each wrestler from the team to meet in the center of the mat and shake hands. This isn’t just a chance to meet; this is a chance to size him up. This doesn’t seem like much, but just by the way this happens you can tell what kind of opponent you are up against. The way he runs out or casually walks out, lets you know how excited or nervous or confident he is, the way he shakes your hand, with a tight grip a casual slap or barely even touches lets you know how he thinks his chances are in the match, and of course the most important aspect of this is the eye contact made.

Man vs. Fishing Boat Essay

It was a cloudy summer day, the first week in June following my high school graduation. I was meeting my boyfriend and his family out on Shasta Lake who were enjoying the week on a houseboat. This would be the first time meeting all his aunts, uncles, grandparents, and cousins. I did not expect for the meeting to end up like this. Brandon, my boyfriend, and his younger cousin, Jake, picked me up at Packers Bay in the ski boat. It was a chilly morning and I was in shorts and tank top and had only my towel to keep me warm. The boys forgot where the houseboat was parked in the lake. We spent the next hour and half searching the entire area of Shasta Lake for their houseboat. â€Å"Brandon, just call your mom and ask where they’re at,† I mentioned as an idea. â€Å"Embarrassing as it is, I guess I will,† Brandon sighed. He called his mom, and the first thing she said, â€Å"Your lost aren’t you?† Mothers know everything. We finally found our way to the houseboat. We climbed out of the boat, and one after another, each family member said their hellos and each gave me a very welcoming hug. I felt like family already. We sat in the houseboat for about 30 minutes socializing and eating breakfast, when Brandon’s dad, Gary, decided to tell us we were moving the houseboat to a different spot for the day. Moving the houseboat is a lot more challenging than just one boat because the Connolly’s also had two jet skies, the ski boat and an old tin fishing boat (which wasn’t even registered). â€Å"Brandon, you and Ally take the ski boat. Jake, you hop in the fishing boat and the girls got the jet skies. Get out in front and lead the way to another cove,† Gary said with much authority. So Brandon and I jumped in the ski boat and drove out way past the houseboat waiting for everyone to get situated. Jake, 15 at the time took control of the tin fishing boat. We all figured that he had driven a boat like that before, but we may have been wrong. Enjoying the cloudy day, Brandon and I sat in the ski boat waiting for Jake to make his move. And we heard the motor start and Jake was moving. Phew. There were some waves coming from Brandon’s messing around in the boat that Jake was hitting, but we didn’t think anything of it. After talking for a little bit, we turn around to check on Jake’s progress and we see him flying through the air and the tin boat going very fast around and around and Jake was no where to be found. His head popped up out of the water and than his hand came up with his phone in hand and he screamed, â€Å"Help!† Brandon threw him and a life buoy and told him, â€Å"GET AWAY FROM THE BOAT!† The boat was still spinning out of control and one hit from the tin boat would kill Jake instantly. Since it was a cold morning, Jake was in two pairs of sweatpants and a sweatshirt and he had his Nike tennis shoes on. Swimming was a lot more difficult. He reached the life buoy and made it safely to our ski boat. But this wasn’t the tragic event. It took a while for the family on the houseboat to realize what was going on, than next thing we know we see Uncle Dan fly out on one of the jet skies. He seemed like superman or maybe even batman. He looked like he was going to be the hero of this crazy event. We never even thought he would be the victim. From the ski boat, Brandon, Jake, and I all thought that with the tin fishing boat spinning out of control, Uncle Dan was just going to take the front of the jet ski and stop the tin boat. Nope. Wrong. Next thing we know he is in the water. â€Å"What is he doing?† I asked Brandon in a very worrisome voice. â€Å"I’m not quite sure.† He replied. Dan swims towards the spinning boat and reaches to grab the front of it when it comes around and he misses. So he goes in one more time. Strike two. Misses again. Third times a charm? Not in this story. He swims in for the third time and as the boat makes its 360 rotation it seemed, as every noise around us was silent except for the sound of rocks in a motor. But it wasn’t rocks. It was Uncle Dan. I looked at Brandon and Jake in horror. What was going on? It seemed like he was in the water forever before he popped up. Finally he did. In a very settle and quite voice, he raises his hand covered in red thick blood and a face that looked like it was dipped in ketchup, says, â€Å"Help. Help. I’m hurt.† I scream at Brandon and Jake, both swimmers, â€Å"Help him! Get in the water. Help him!† Brandon and Jake start stripping off their clothes one at a time and Jake was in the water within seconds. Swimming like it was the last meet of his life, he swims over to Uncle Dan and, with his adrenaline, lifts the middle-aged man onto the jet ski. Blood was everywhere and the tin boat was still spinning. Jake speeds the jet ski along with Uncle Dan and his wounded body towards the shore where the houseboat was still vacated and the next thing I see is Jake’s mother, who is also Dan’s sister, strip completely naked and used her clothes to wrap up his arm and face. I’ve never been so shocked and scared in my life. Seeing a hand sliced up from the elbow down to the tips of the fingers and a face covered in blood coming from the eye and side of the face, which hid his pain. He was being so tough and he just kept saying in a mellow tone, â€Å"I just don’t want to loose my hand.† He repeated this many times. Next thing I know, Gary was the driver of the ski boat with Uncle Dan laid out in the boat with naked Aunt Janine at his side, they were off to the shore where the ambulance helicopter was meeting to take him to the emergency room. We all else went back on the houseboat and comforted Jake and everyone effected by this horrific accident. The cloudy day served it’s purpose. After the cops asked all their questions to all of us involved, and finally crashed into the tin fishing boat with their sheriff boat, we could all just relax on the houseboat and wait for the call from the hospital to hear the news of Uncle Dan.

Strategic Benefits of Effective Diversity Management

Abstract Diversity management acknowledges the reality that people are different with respect to factors such as gender, marital status, age, disability, social status, sexual orientation, personality, ethnicity, religion, and culture. If a company values diversity in its workforce, it can manage its employees in a way that creates harmony in all work practices and higher standards of collaboration and teamwork. Effective management of workplace diversity results in an innovative culture where creativity has no boundaries and ideas continue to flourish. Thus, it is of paramount importance for companies to integrate diversity in their daily operations. Introduction Diversity entails understanding, acknowledging, accepting, celebrating, and valuing differences among people based on their class, ethnicity, age, physical and mental ability, gender, race, language, religion, and sexual orientation (Hubbard 2004, p.27). In the contemporary world, effective management of diversity is essential because the work-environment is characterised by a wide range of employees from different cultural, social, and religious backgrounds. Moreover, the success of any organisation is highly dependent on how well the employees integrate and collaborative with each other at the workplace. In order to ensure teamwork and collaboration among employees, it is imperative to have effective management of diversity in the workforce (Combe 2013, p.273-277). In most cases, diversity management involves removing barriers and allowing job applicants and employees to have equal access to employment opportunities and promotion; hiring a workforce that reflects the communities wi thin which the organisation operates; empowering all workers to reach their full potential, and encouraging personal growth, as well as professional development among all employees (Paludi 2012, p.123). This paper aims at exploring the strategic benefits of effective diversity management, how diversity is handled at UKRD Group, and it provides some recommendations on how to enhance diversity at UKRD. Literature ReviewBenefits of effective diversity managementDiversity confers various benefits to companies, and as a result, many scholars suggest that it should be a feature of every aspect of an organisation including employee development, succession planning, reviews, performance management, and rewards. To start with, employees from diverse social and cultural backgrounds bring unique skills, perceptions, and experiences to the table while working in teams. Pooling the diverse skills and knowledge from different cultural and social backgrounds increases employees’ productivity, and responsiveness to varying conditions (Buhler 2010, p.91). Furthermore, in a diverse workforce, each employee possesses distinct strengths and weaknesses, drawn from their diverse backgrounds and their individuality. If a company ensures effective diversity management is in place, it is possible to leverage the diverse strengths among employees, and compliment the weakness of each employee to mak e the productivity of the workforce more than the sum of its parts (Griffin 2012, p.241). By bridging together employees from various backgrounds, businesses can market their products effectively to clients from different ethnic and racial backgrounds. This is because by ensuring the workforce reflects the region within which the business operates, it is usually easy to know the expectations, demands, tastes, and preferences of their consumers. As a result, the company will be able to produce goods/services, which conform to their client’s expectations and demands (Thiederman 2008, p.3). Moreover, effective diversity management strengthens the company’s relationship with a given category of customers by making communication efficient. This is achieved by pairing customers with customer-service representatives from their social or cultural background, making them feel comfortable and satisfied. For example, a company operating in the southwest of the U.S. can employ bi-lingual customer representatives in order to serve Spanish-speaking clients in their native language (Guffey & Loewy 2010, p.99). Companies that fail to foster diversity in their workforce experience higher turnover rates than those that treasure diversity in the workplace. This is because they portray a hostile work environment, and consequently, make most of their employees to quit. Inability to retain most of the qualified personnel leads to high turnover-related costs, which a company can avoid by embracing diversity. Losing an employee is highly detrimental to the company’s success because it results to lowered productivity; overworked remaining staff; loss of knowledge and skills; and loss of company’s time while conducting interviews (Griffin 2012). In addition, when employees are working in groups, diversity enables them to generate more and better ideas. Since the group members come from a host of varying cultures, they often propose creative and unique solutions and recommendations, unlike when they come from same backgrounds (Paludi 2012, p.93). In other words, group diversity eliminates groupthink, which is often witnessed in companies that do not foster diversity in their workforce. Groupthink makes participants in a team to think that their ideas and actions are valid, and those objecting them are either sabotaging their efforts or are uninformed. However, multicultural teams are not affected by such problems since the participants have different perspectives (Aswathappa 2013, p.769). By having a positive approach toward diversity at workplace, a company signals an ethical stand. Consequently, it can build and maintain a positive corporate image. A positive corporate image enables a company to have stronger relationships with existing clients, as well as broaden the consumer base by attracting more customers. A strong consumer base is a direct incentive to a noteworthy competitive edge, and it enables companies to face various challenges in the market such as the recession (Mor-Barak 2011). Diversity is also a key aspect in the creation of effective global relationships. Employing international talent helps in enhancing the company’s reputation through outwardly encouraging cultural diversification to a broader consumer-base. If a company hires employees from different countries, it stands a greater chance of expanding and seizing global opportunities by establishing a network of languages and cultures (Guffey & Loewy 2010). Additionally, by creating an environment of inclusion and by making commitment to valuing diversity, managers can boost employee morale and motivation. This is because acknowledging and accepting a person regardless of their social or cultural background makes them feel honoured, and as if they a part of the family ‘company.’ As a result, they will devote all their efforts toward realization of the organisation’s goals (Abiodun 2010, p.82-87).Managing diversity at UKRD GroupUKRD Group is a multi-media company, based in the U.K. The company owns and operates a portfolio of websites, a software-licensing firm, and 16 local commercial radio stations. The company has been ranked number one for three years in a row on the U.K’s top 100 best employers (Toten 2013). Diversity management is central to the company’s human resource strategic goals, which include the development of an inclusive and integrated workforce. UKRD Group acknowledges the benefits of a diverse workforce, and it invests much in ensuring that the work-environment is free from discrimination. Moreover, the company endeavours to promote the principles of diversity in all its operations with employees, job applicants, suppliers, clients, recruitment agencies, contractors, and the public (UKRD Group Ltd, n.d.). According to the company’s CEO, William Rogers, one of the key goals of the company is to build a supportive culture, based on various fundamental standards of behaviour including honesty, fairness, openness, professionalism, and fun. For instance, employees have the liberty to express their disagreement with anything the group purposes to accomplish. However, they are expected to observe fairness and professionalism when presenting their views. Having such a splendid value-based culture portrays a good image of how the company is investing in diversity management. Furthermore, the company does not have a structured human resource department. All the HR functions are outsourced. It has adopted such as strategy in order to encourage the management to have a greater responsibility for their employees. By having a structured HR department, the company’s management believes that the relationship between managers and employees would weaken, since matters such as discipline m ay be shifted from one department to another, and as a result, they may not be handled effectively. This is a viable strategy toward strengthening of the manager-employee relationship, which is key to the effective management of diversity (Toten 2013). All employees as well as anyone who acts on behalf of the company is required to adhere to the company’s set principles of equality and diversity. Any sort of unlawful discrimination in the workplace is not condoned, and the company has put in place necessary measures to prevent its occurrence. Specifically, UKRD Group purposes to ensure that no job applicant or employee is subjected to unlawful discrimination based on gender, race, sexual orientation, disability, age, part-time status, or religion. This commitment is taken into account at all aspects of employment such as training, recruitment, promotion and career-development opportunities, grievance handling and the application of disciplinary procedures, and terms/conditions of employment. Because of the evolving nature of the job market and the legislation changes, the company often reviews its policies regarding diversity, and implements relevant changes (UKRD Group Ltd, n.d.). Recommendations In order for the UKRD Group to be at the forefront in ensuring diversity prevails in all its operations, it is necessary for its management to take into consideration the following suggestions. To start with, it should ensure it has a wide recruiting base. This can be achieved by adopting tools such as online job boards, where anyone with an access to the internet can view the job opportunities being advertised by the company. The company should also have a standard evaluation form. By having a standard evaluation form, instances of discrimination will be eliminated, and it allows the hiring team to use the same criteria for all candidates (Thiederman 2008). Moreover, managers of UKRD should explain the benefits of diversity to the employees, and familiarize the new hires with the company’s culture. For instance, they can clarify the roles the new hires are expected to execute, and explain to them the values treasured in the company (Hubbard 2004, p.85). Conclusion The above discussion has explored the strategic benefits of diversity management, and examined how diversity is handled at UKRD Company Ltd. Since the market is becoming increasingly global, it is necessary for businesses to understand, acknowledge, and embrace diversity in their day-to-day operations, and in their workforce. Effective management of diversity is the key to leveraging the benefits, and reducing the drawbacks associated with diversity in the workplace. Companies reap huge benefits through effective management of diversity. For instance, pooling the diverse skills and experiences from different cultural and social backgrounds increases employees’ productivity and responsiveness to varying conditions. In addition, when employees are working in groups, diversity enables them to generate more and better ideas unlike when they come from the same social or cultural background. Based on this discussion, it is worthwhile arguing that companies should ensure diversity is well managed in order to thrive successfully. Bibliography â€Å"Diversity & Equal Opportunities Statement.† UKRD Group Ltd -. (n.d.). Available from . [14 August 2014]. Abiodun, R. A. (2010). Leadership behavior impact on employee’s loyalty, engagement and organizational performance:. [S.l.], Authorhouse. Aswathappa, K. (2013). Human resource management: text and cases. New Delhi, McGraw Hill Education. Buhler, P. (2010). Human Resources Management All the Information You Need to Manage Your Staff and Meet Your Business Objectives. Cincinnati, F+W Media. Combe, C. (2013). Introduction to management. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Griffin, R. W. (2012). Fundamentals of management. Mason, OH, South-Western Cengage Learning. Guffey, M. E., & Loewy, D. (2010). Business communication: process and product. Mason, OH, South-Western/Cengage Learning. Hubbard, E. E. (2004). The manager’s pocket guide to diversity management. Amherst, MA, HRD Press. Mor-Barak, M. E. (2011). Managing diversity: toward a globally inclusive workplace. Los Angeles, SAGE. Paludi, M. A. (2012). Managing diversity in today’s workplace: strategies for employees and employers. Santa Barbara, Calif, ABC-CLIO. Thiederman, S. B. (2008). Making diversity work: 7 steps for defeating bias in the workplace. New York, Kaplan Pub. Toten, Mike. â€Å"Employee engagement case study: UK radio group.† Workplace Info -. Available from . [16 May 2013].

Chem Essay Outline

Chem Essay Outline Chem Essay Outline Zehra Ahmed Chem 100 Research Project: Essay Outline Lasers & Medicine I. Introduction A. Definitions of Lasers and Medicine 1. Laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. 2. Medicine is the applied science or practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. B. How they relate? 1. Cure diseases, surgeries, etc. 2. Medical Field related C. Thesis – In the medical field, lasers have developed into medicines that are surpassing the â€Å"go to† medicines in everyday lives. II. Lasers Background Information A. History of Lasers 1. In 1917, Albert Einstein established the theoretical foundations for the laser and the maser in the paper Zur Quantentheorie der Strahlung. 2. The first working laser was made by Theodore H. Maiman in 1960 at Hughes Research Laboratories in Malibu, California. B. What are lasers used for? 1. Medical, Industrial, Environmental, Communications, Research, etc. i. Examples – Laser eye surgery, hair removal, heart surgeries, kidney stone repair. C. Chemistry / Physics related to Lasers 1. Uses a quantum mechanical effect, stimulated emission, to generate a coherent beam of light from a lasing medium of controlled purity, size, and shape. 2. The energy of an electron orbiting an atomic nucleus is larger for orbits further from the nucleus of an atom. However, quantum mechanical effects force electrons to take on discrete positions in orbitals. Thus, electrons are found in specific energy levels of an atom. III. Medicine Background Information A. History of Medicine 1. Early records on medicine have been discovered from ancient Egyptian medicine, Babylonian medicine, Ayurvedic medicine, classical Chinese medicine, and ancient Greek medicine and Roman medicine. 2. The Greek physician Hippocrates, the "father of medicine" laid the foundation for a rational approach to medicine. B. Types of Medicines 1. Antibiotics and antibacterial substances. Minerals, for example iron, vitamins and electrolytes. Sedatives and analgesics (painkillers). Parasecticides to treat mange, lice and worms. Vaccines and sera (and miscellaneous medicines). Hormones. Growth promoters and probiotics. Colostrum supplements.

Peyton Place Essays - 20th Century Fox Films, Peyton Place

Peyton Place Essays - 20th Century Fox Films, Peyton Place Peyton Place Peyton Place by Grace Metalious In 1956, a woman from middle class Manchester, New Hampshire wrote a book that shocked the nation. At 32 years old, Grace Metalious wrote the blockbuster novel Peyton Place. It transformed the publishing industry and made the author one of the most talked about people in the nation. Metalious wrote about incest, abortion, sex, rape, adultery, repression, lust, and the secrets of small town New England, things that were never discussed before in conservative America. She interpreted incest, wife beating, and poverty as social failures instead of individual flops. When Metalious published Peyton Place, the country was in the grasp of a new wave of sexual panic. The book turned the private into the political. The avant-garde disturbed the country and critics called the book wicked, sordid, and cheap. Canada declared it indecent and made the importation of the book illegal. Parts of Rhode Island, Indiana, and Nebraska followed suit arguing that the book would corrupt young minds. Wealthy communities banished Peyton Place. To read Peyton Place was to read it in secret and were sometimes discussed only among the closest of friends. Everyone was reading it college and high school students, college graduates, mothers, wives, and even husbands and fathers. In 1956, a sexual act such as sodomy, oral sex, and intercourse with another married person in most states was illegal. Also, abortion was illegal, and birth control was unreliable and in many cases, difficult to find. To many critics, Metalious book was not scandalous because of its case in point, but because of the sexual pleasures that were received and given by the female characters. Peyton Place begins with Indian summer in 1939. It takes place in a very descriptive, postcardesque New England town. The main story focuses on three women characters and their underlying search for their identities as sexual women in small town America. Allison Mackenzie is the bastard daughter of Constance Mackenzie who had an affair with a married man. She illegally changed Allisons birth certificate and lied to the Peyton Place locals that her husband died. Connie didnt want any of the town folk to find out the truth that the father of her child was a married man because she would become the town gossip of ridicule. She kept this secret to herself, and only to herself until an argument between her and Allison occurred when Connie thought Allison was having sex with one of her friends, and so she lashed out the truth to Allison. As a child, Allison was always teased about being childish, and not interested in boys, and always into books. But as she grew up she was full of conflict ing sexual emotions, and after graduating high school, she left Peyton Place to pursue a writing career in New York. Connie Mackenzie, to her neighbors, was a beautiful, young, widow that owned her own thrift store. Many eligible bachelors Everyone had a desire for her and wished to have her, until Thomas Makris, a teacher from New York City arrives into town to take the job of headmaster at the Peyton Place grade school. Thomas pursues Connie and terrified that he knows her secret, she avoids him. He shows up at her house one night and persuades her to a date, which leads to him raping her. They stay together and end up in marriage. As the third main female character, Selena Cross is probably the most significant. She was the same age as Allison. She lived in a shack with her little brother Joey, deranged mother and alcoholic stepfather, Lucas Cross. She lived an abusive life with Lucas drinking, beating her mother, beating her, and sexually violating her. He gets Selena pregnant a nd she secretly gets an illegal abortion from the town doctor, who forces Lucas to disappear from Peyton Place and never come back or everyone will know what he did to his daughter. Selena works at Connies store and becomes manager when her mother, stricken with cancer, commits suicide. In 1944, during a snowstorm, Lucas Cross, now part of the U.S. Navy, shows up at Selenas house drunk and coming on to her. One thing leads to another and she kills him,

An Over View Of The DHL Company

An Over View Of The DHL Company DHL has been able to create a strong image with the public through an extensive presence on the roads and a bold and bright brand. This has meant that this image has been maintained with minimal advertising, as DHL are advertising themselves and new services when the public see their fleet of vehicles on the road. Together with clever sponsorship of events such as Formula 1, this has resulted in the general public perception of DHL being a brand that is strong and reliable – two vital attributes in the logistics industry. However, there are still some areas for DHL to improve its communication strategy. By perhaps communicating employees an idea of the success of the service centre they work in, they could have a greater sense of belonging to DHL. Also, there could perhaps be more scope for DHL staff to communicate to higher levels of management if there is a need to, rather than going through various levels of the hierarchy. The revamping of the company magazine has been one way that DHL has combated this, by bringing the ideas of those at the very top of the hierarchy with those at the bottom. However, by doing this in a more work-related manner, communication may be improved. DHL Express DHL is a courier service that is currently active in more than 220 countries around the world and employs some 300,000 employees. Therefore good and clear communication throughout the organisation is vital. DHL’s success can only be achieved if a consistent message is delivered throughout the whole company. By aligning the message given internally to the message it conveys to its different external stakeholders, DHL has built a brand that is solid, respectable, and consistent. This is all the more impressive given that DHL has been taken over by another organisation-Deutsche Post – in the past 10 ten years. DHL’s mission statement has four main themes which contribute towards reaching the ‘DHL Vision’. This vision is that the company is trusted by customers as â€Å"the preferred global express and logistics partner, leading the industry in terms of quality, profitability and market share†. The four main parts of the mission statement cover issues such as product quality, quality of staff, returns of the business (again the three relate to different stakeholders), and finally DHL’s role as a responsible corporate citizen. Argenti (2003) argues that â€Å"firms need to consider their corporate communication effort as manifested in the company’s vision and mission statement†. Therefore, it is likely that these goals are at the centre of how DHL organises its communications effort. For example, DHL points towards its multi-cultural heritage and the ability of the company to find solutions at all levels of the business process. These are undeniably important assets to the company but are only useful if they can be incorporated into an effective communication model. Internal Communication Given the nature of the logistics industry, there is a need for a precise route for messages to be delivered on time. It comes as no surprise to see DHL’s UK hierarchy is one that is well-balanced and clear. Ken McCall, the MD of DHL Express UK sits atop the hierarchy. Next there is the board of nine Directors, who are reported to directly by the operations field director. He gains his information from the head of each of the 39 service centres in the UK. Within the service centre, the hierarchy has five levels, but cross-communication is much easier, especially amongst the bottom three levels. There is a head of the service centre, who manages a supervisor. Then there are the office staff and the sales team. There are then senior couriers before the lowest level made up of couriers and warehouse staff.

Container architecture part2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Container architecture part2 - Assignment Example For the families who live in landed properties, their average monthly income is $25,419. Those that are at upper echelons actually make much more. Families in the top docile, (top 10%) happen to make a disproportionally high monthly average of $30,379 (Diane). The households within the next docile make up to about half of this high monthly average while in the next deciles down the line the figures go down linearly. There has been some significant increase in the resident’s level of education in Singapore time after time. Among those aged in between 25-39 years old, the university graduate percentage increased quite significantly between 2001 and 2011 (Ministry of Education, Singapore). Over the same period, there was a lower rate of increase in the number of holders of diplomas and professional certificates. All this improvement in level of education has been facilitated by the government’s devotion to improve living standards of its residents. In Singapore, education is under the management of the ministry of education (Ministry of Education, Singapore). The ministry controls administration and development of state schools, which enjoy government funding. About 20% of national budget goes to education in Singapore. Singapore’s architecture shows styles and influences from different places and periods. These include eclectic styles, hybrid styles from colonialism and some tendency of contemporary architecture incorporating many trends from all around the world. Traditional architecture includes local hybrid houses, Malay houses, black and white bungalows and worship places which reflect the ethnic as well as religious diversity of city-state and civic as well as commercial architecture of European neoclassical, Palladian, gothic, and renaissance styles (Powell, pg.46). From 1970s, the city has been dominated modern architecture like the brutalistic style. Many buildings today especially to the

Reagan, Obama and Inequality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reagan, Obama and Inequality - Essay Example Nicholas Kristof argues in his article that the inequality has soared since the time president Reagan took office to this time when president Obama is still in office. According to Nicholas, the median household income has stagnated and educational progress has almost come to a halt. He further argues that the average Canadian family is better off than the average American family. The author has based his arguments from the late 1970s to now when president Obama is still in office. The issue of inequality came up in the president’s state of the union address (Kristof). The president proposed that the government should take this issue seriously and corrective measures should be taken. However, the author does not believe that any action will be taken, citing that every year the president mentions an issue during the state of the union address and nothing is usually done to correct the situation. The author differentiates between opinions and facts. Some of the facts the author gives are that the median income for households has increased from the year 1979. However, according to his opinion, the Average American family is worse off than the average Canadian family.

Case Assignment- Critical Thinking - Basic Concepts of Quantitative Assignment

Case - Critical Thinking - Basic Concepts of Quantitative Reasoning; Hypothesis Formulation - Assignment Example This enabled the researchers to collect close ended data, which are easily analyzed by use of quantitative software (Biggs, 1987). The results turned out that in terms of demographic differences, there were no significant differences between dropouts and persistent learners. The area of differentiation was however with regards to perception of family and organizational support where it was determined that persistent group displayed higher perception. The findings conclude that as far as online learning is concerned, external factors that has to do with the kind of support a learner gets influence the rate of completion of course than internal and demographic factors. The organization of the study made it highly easier to follow and understand (Osborn, 2001). The study was also self explanatory and did not contain any technicalities that are difficult to

Business proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business proposal - Essay Example Category 1 to category 4 represent some of the different periods that the business may experience during its operations and assists in developing an individual expense report since high category of 4,will mean high periods of the business and necessary adjustments to the expense report made. Therefore, expenses entail on the type of category experienced. During high categories such as category 4, expenses reduce since the category expects high expenditure affecting savings of the business. Series 1 and 2 shows some of the downs and falls of the business. It enables an individual to determine the periods of savings and expenditures of the business and hence reducing costs and maximizing on profits. Saving from wages enables an individual to have plans for future development of the business. Some of anticipated problems in developing the business plan include lack of enough financial resources and inadequate time for the individual business expense report to take effect. The use of SMART (specific, measurable, applicable, reliable and time range aspects) analysis helps in solving some of the major problems experienced in development of the business proposal. The use of SMART analysis enables the problems of development in the business proposal solved and enable for the progress of the proposal. The use of SMART analysis enables one to compare current household expenditure with future developments of the same expenditure. Specific Problems of the business are handled easily and using realistic approaches of SMART analysis, solutions of the future are managed using an individual expenditure report. Therefore, the development of a business proposal has many varied benefits to the business, which enables prosperity and developments of the company in many varied and effective ways. Period of SMART analysis enables for the existence of an average annual pay of sixty thousand, which enables business individuals and

Wooden Bats versus Metal Bats in Baseball Essay

Wooden Bats versus Metal Bats in Baseball - Essay Example Wooden bats are heavier than metal bats because they are solid, and that is why they require more effort to sway than aluminum bats. They also have a smaller sweet spot due to which the hit remains within range, i.e., the hitting zone is small. In other words, the weight of wooden bats is concentrated far from hands, or in other words, the center of gravity lies in the barrel. Thus, the swing weight is higher, which keeps the ball within range and means that the ball will not go much farther. Metal bats are hollow from within. A metal bat is lighter because of a larger sweet spot (Zumerchik 52), and the weight is concentrated very close to the hands, which will make the hit swing much higher as the swing weight is lower. A ball thrown at a higher or faster pace will also go farther. Wooden bats are safer than metal bats because the exit speed of the ball is much slower in case of wooden bats. Thus, the ball comes off with slow speed, which is good as it reduces the danger of injury if the ball hits another player or pitcher. Also, there is no chance that the bat will get tossed away from the hands of the player. This is why major league baseball authorities endorse the use of wooden bats, considering the hit power of the professional players. Metal bats, as they are lighter, can easily get tossed away to injure another player. Also, the larger sweet spot in case of metal bats causes larger exit speed of the ball, i.e., the ball will jump off faster, which could injure anybody within the hitting zone very seriously. There have been many unfortunate events in the past, in which players or spectators got injured due to this issue, as the Associated Press states, â€Å"A New Jersey teenager left brain-damaged after being struck by a line drive while playing in a youth baseball game will receive $14.5 million to settle his lawsuit against the bat.

Case Assignment- Critical Thinking - Basic Concepts of Quantitative Assignment

Case - Critical Thinking - Basic Concepts of Quantitative Reasoning; Hypothesis Formulation - Assignment Example This enabled the researchers to collect close ended data, which are easily analyzed by use of quantitative software (Biggs, 1987). The results turned out that in terms of demographic differences, there were no significant differences between dropouts and persistent learners. The area of differentiation was however with regards to perception of family and organizational support where it was determined that persistent group displayed higher perception. The findings conclude that as far as online learning is concerned, external factors that has to do with the kind of support a learner gets influence the rate of completion of course than internal and demographic factors. The organization of the study made it highly easier to follow and understand (Osborn, 2001). The study was also self explanatory and did not contain any technicalities that are difficult to

Wooden Bats versus Metal Bats in Baseball Essay

Wooden Bats versus Metal Bats in Baseball - Essay Example Wooden bats are heavier than metal bats because they are solid, and that is why they require more effort to sway than aluminum bats. They also have a smaller sweet spot due to which the hit remains within range, i.e., the hitting zone is small. In other words, the weight of wooden bats is concentrated far from hands, or in other words, the center of gravity lies in the barrel. Thus, the swing weight is higher, which keeps the ball within range and means that the ball will not go much farther. Metal bats are hollow from within. A metal bat is lighter because of a larger sweet spot (Zumerchik 52), and the weight is concentrated very close to the hands, which will make the hit swing much higher as the swing weight is lower. A ball thrown at a higher or faster pace will also go farther. Wooden bats are safer than metal bats because the exit speed of the ball is much slower in case of wooden bats. Thus, the ball comes off with slow speed, which is good as it reduces the danger of injury if the ball hits another player or pitcher. Also, there is no chance that the bat will get tossed away from the hands of the player. This is why major league baseball authorities endorse the use of wooden bats, considering the hit power of the professional players. Metal bats, as they are lighter, can easily get tossed away to injure another player. Also, the larger sweet spot in case of metal bats causes larger exit speed of the ball, i.e., the ball will jump off faster, which could injure anybody within the hitting zone very seriously. There have been many unfortunate events in the past, in which players or spectators got injured due to this issue, as the Associated Press states, â€Å"A New Jersey teenager left brain-damaged after being struck by a line drive while playing in a youth baseball game will receive $14.5 million to settle his lawsuit against the bat.

Understanding Action Verbs Essay Example for Free

Understanding Action Verbs Essay Introduction NEBOSH carefully describe the ‘action verbs’ which are used within their examination questions. The reason for this is that they tell the candidate sitting the examination the depth of answer that is required. Candidates are asked to remember that if the question asks them to state something and they then produce a lengthy explanation, they will probably get marks, but may well have wasted time and effort and may end up running out of time at the end of the examination period. Conversely, if candidates are asked to describe something and they give a list, they will most probably loose marks. If candidates do not give the depth of answer required, they makers will not be able to give candidates many of the marks allocated to the particular question. Answer length As a very rough guide (and people’s writing varies in size), NEBOSH expect about a page and a half for the 20 mark question, and about half a page for the 8 mark questions. The action verbs are varied so that you should have enough time to give a reasonable response. It is absolutely crucial that candidates are familiar with the action verbs used in NEBOSH examinations, and that they understand what they actually  mean, so that they can produce the types of answers required, and obviously gain the benefits of increased mark potential. Listed below are the action verbs, together with examples of the sort of depth each verb requires. However, candidates are reminded that the examples given are in no way a guarantee of finite examples of the questions that may arise. 3 Define Define – provide a generally recognised or accepted definition. e.g. Define the term ‘ergonomics’. Ergonomics is the study of the interaction between workers and the work environment. 4 Describe Describe – give a word picture. e.g. Describe FOUR effects on health safety that might result from inadequate lighting. Inadequate lighting may cause a variety of effects on health and safety. 1. When using display screen equipment, inadequate lighting causes the eye muscles to work harder, this may cause headaches, temporary fatigue and even eyestrain. 2. Inadequate lighting may lead to increased levels of stress experience by workers as they may have to concentrate more on the work than would be required with a reasonable level of lighting being provided. 3. If lighting levels are poor, workers may not be aware of hazards at floor level, which may result in increased numbers of slips, trips and falls. 4. Workers who have inadequate lighting levels for the task they are carrying out may produce errors. These errors may, as a consequence, result in risks to their own health and safety or that of others. 5 Explain Explain – give a clear account of, or reasons for. e.g. Explain why it is important to use a variety of methods to communicate health and safety information in the workplace. People respond differently to different stimuli. Some will notice written information more readily, whilst others will respond to pictorial information or audible stimuli. Therefore effective promotion of health safety information needs to take account of these differences, and a range of different media should be used. Examples would be: †¢ Posters, which incorporate pictures, †¢ Handouts, †¢ Memos, †¢ Briefings, †¢ Videos. Etc. The use of different methods prevents workers becoming over-familiar with the materials. If display materials are changed regularly, people are more likely to notice them. This helps to re-enforce the desired message. Variety also helps to stimulate interest and hopefully increase motivation. If different methods of communication are used, workers are given more opportunity to provide feedback, or become involved. Whilst some will  willingly feedback verbally, others may be daunted by speaking out, but may prefer to reply in writing. Providing both methods for feedback would hopefully reach a greater number of people and provide a greater opportunity for staff involvement. Finally, different types of information require different methods of communication e.g. a complex safe system of work is more likely to be understood if given in writing, discussed and demonstrated, whereas a change in Fire Marshall could be announced at a staff meeting or displayed by the fire action notice, maybe along with the persons photograph. 6 Give Give – provide without explanation (used normally with the instruction to ‘give an example of†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢). e.g. For each of the following types of hazardous substance, give a typical example i) Toxic ii) Corrosive iii) Carcinogenic iv) Irritant i) toxic – lead ii) corrosive – strong acids iii) carcinogenic – asbestos iv) irritant – detergents 7 Identify Identify – select and name. e.g. Identify the three types of asbestos commonly found in buildings. The three types of asbestos are i) White (chrysotile) ii) Brown (amosite) iii) Blue – crocidolite) 8 List List – provide a list without explanation. e.g. List EIGHT observations made during an inspection of a machine operation which may suggest that the machine has not been ergonomically designed. i) the need for the operator to use excessive force ii) the need for repetitive movements by the operator iii) the need for the operator to stretch or stoop iv) machine controls sited in awkward positions v) unmarked or poorly marked controls or displays where their functions are not obvious vi) lack of visibility of the task by the operator vii) the workpiece is difficult to position because of its size or weight viii) difficulty experienced in changing, adjusting or cleaning the machine tools. 9 Outline Outline – give the most important features of (less depth than either ‘explain’ or ‘describe’, but more depth than list. e.g. Outline the sources and possible effects of FOUR non-mechanical hazards commonly encountered in a woodworking shop. Several non-mechanical hazards could be present including: i) Dust from sanding and sawing operations, which could lead to lung disorders and possibly cancer. ii) Chemical hazards from varnishes and glues which could lead to dermatitis, irritation of the airways and drowsiness. iii) Noise, which could lead to noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus and stress. iv) Manual handling hazards which could cause musculoskeletal disorders. 10 Sketch Sketch – provide a simple line drawing using labels to identify specific features. e.g. A pneumatic drill is to be used during extensive repair work to the floor of a warehouse. Identify, by means of a labelled sketch, THREE possible transmission paths the noise from the drill could take. 1. Reflected noise from walls surfaces 2. Directly through the air from drill to person 3. Transmission through the structure of the building 11 State State – a less demanding form of ‘define’, or where there is no generally recognised definition. e.g. State the shape and colour, and give a relevant example, of EACH of the following types of safety sign: i) prohibition iii) mandatory ii) warning iv) emergency escape or first-aid. i) Prohibition signs have a white background within a red circle and with a diagonal red line – for example a no smoking sign. ii) Warning signs have a yellow background within a black triangle – for example, signs used to warn against the hazards of flammable materials, radiation electricity. iii)

A history of the telephone

A history of the telephone The Telephone In todays world we can reach into our pocket, grab our cell phone, and dial the person we wish to get in contact with and be conversing with them in seconds. In the present time, this seems like no big deal at all, but it all had to start somewhere. In the early 1800s this was not the case. In order to talk to someone, it had to be face to face, or through a letter. In researching the biographies of the inventors of the telephone, it became apparent that Alexander Graham Bell had the most influence and is credited the most with the invention of the telephone. The first telephone built by Bell along with Thomas Watson was constructed with a funnel, a dish of acid, a small amount of copper wire, all on a wooden stand. Its outstanding to witness the transformations of that time and compare it to the telephone technologies experienced in the present. As with most inventions, Bell did not have the intentions originally of creating a device that would be able to transmit speech with the use of electric current. Instead, Bell originally was only focused on transmitting multiple tones and signals over a single wire. In order to get to this point though, the history of transmitting only electricity over a wire, to sound, to the telegraph needs to be understood somewhat. Stephen Gray was one of the first known scientists to transmit electricity over a wire in 1729 (cite). After him came two men, Pieter van Musschenbroek and Ewald von Kleist, who developed what appears to be the first attempt at a battery known as the Leyden jar(cite), which would be used in experiments, lectures and demonstrations widely in the future. This sort of static electricity would stumble scientists for years doing experiments involving creating and storing the static electricity, but it would never be powerful enough to control anything. The first actual battery was invented by Alessandro Volta, but it still was not powerful enough to have any use with machines. Batteries would become chemically based as they still are, but it was not enough to get to the transmission of voice over wire. What was needed to be understood along with electricity to become closer to the invention of the phone was magnetism. Christian Oersted (cite) started the idea and around 1820 discovered electromagnetism. He founded that a magnetic field could be created by electricity, so the question was could the opposite be possible? One of the main factors that would eventually lead to the invention of the telephone was that of induction. Michael Faraday a year later is the person who reversed Oersteds findings and created, or induced, an electric current using an electric field. This major find in history meant that mechanical energy can produce electrical energy. This would eventually lead to hand cranking and winding, windmills, and watermills. This was the invention of the first generator. Up to this point in history, the transferring of electricity had been completed, but there had been no practical use. In 1830 that changed when Joseph Henry used an electric current for the first time to show communication was possible. In his classroom he created an experiment where he completely an electric circuit, and when the circuit was completely it made a steel bar swing and strike a bell. While Henry did not pursue his findings more, Samuel Morse created the first working telegraph. Samuel Morse is most famously known for coding system he developed in order to use the machine to transmit messages. Morse code uses the telegraph creating electric pulses and sending them from one station to another. At the receiving station the code is broken down into Morses system of dots and dashes. Tapping the telegraph creates a dot, while holding down creates a series of dashes. Morse code and telegraphy became increasing popular as it caused for the decline in the old methods of transporting messages such as the Pony Express. What this all is important for and leads up to is that now inventors and scientists were beginning to focus on the transmission of speech over an electric current, but has not quite happened yet. Charles Bourseul was one of the first to write about transmitting human speech over a wire, but never practiced his idea. It would be Johann Phillip (cite) in 1861 who would create the first telephone seeming device, that did not work.

Student Protest :: Student Smoking

For years it has been a hot topic. What can students do and what can they not do? What is considered going to far? For many this is a question that has no true and legal answer. To many students, that is. In fact I happen to be one of the many. Now it would be wrong for me to write this paper and not put in my â€Å"two sense†. In my opinion this student protest bullshit has no limit. Students should not be restricted to what they can and cannot do. They like everyone else are American citizens and should not have their rights as American citizens stripped from them when they enter a building teaching them all about the rights they possess. To me that is the very hypocritical. To teach one thing, and practice another! I mean come on doesn’t that come a cross as more than a tad bit wrong. There are a number of court cases that cover the matter of student protest. Like always though I choose not to follow the norm, if you will. I would much rather take you on a trip through my mind and my opinions. As for student protest I am all for it. I would take it to the highest degree if it has to go that far. I see school as a place to come and socialize. The stuff that is taught is all boring to me. It always seems as if I already know what is going to be said. So what is the point? To go and get a diploma that in all actuality is nothing but a piece of paper that could easily be made by me. Perhaps that is why I get myself in so much trouble here. I am not the only one students just get bored and try to heighten the learning experience. Try to make it more fun for everyone. Even though there may be those who don’t quite comprehend what is going on, they still enjoy the laughter. Who knows maybe they even learn a thing or two from the student that the obviously more intelligent teacher couldn’t get them to understand. I am not saying that the student is smarter than the teacher but in some cases the yelling and screaming of a teacher to get through can be substituted by t he subtle sarcasm of the student.

Abraham Lincoln Essay -- essays research papers

Abraham Lincoln was a man who was best known for bold standing against the difficult problems of his day. Issues such as slavery, negro social and political rights, and saving the Union in a nation based on the Declaration of Independence. Lincoln had many strength as well as flaws. He considered himself a common man and was not interested in his ancestry. Lincoln was a self educated man, who had never had a full year of schooling in his life. But, the 16th President of the United States became "a casualty of conflict". Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809. He was born to Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Hanks Lincoln. In 1816, the Lincoln's moved from Kentucky to across the Ohio River to Indiana. His father left Kentucky "partly on account of slavery; but chiefly on account of the difficulty in land titles in Ky." Early on in life Lincoln had religious reasons for disliking slavery. His family was Separate Baptists who adhered to a strict code of morality that condemned profanity, intoxication, gossip, horse racing, dancing, and slavery. October 5, a little over a year after living in Indiana, Lincoln's mother died of a devastating outbreak of what was called "milk sickness", along with several other relatives. The hardest years of Lincoln's life were yet to follow. After a short time it became apparent that Thomas Lincoln could not cope with his family by himself. Thomas went back to Kentucky to seek a wife. He married Sarah Bush Johnson. They made a businesslike arrangement for her to move to Indiana to take care of his family and for him to pay for her debts. Sarah Lincoln's arrival marked a turning point in Abraham Lincoln's life. Sarah brought her three children of her own into the Lincoln family. The Lincoln children felt that they had joined the world of luxury when Sarah brought knives, forks, spoons, tables and chairs, and comfortable bedding. But most of all she brought the love. Although Sarah was illiterate, she felt that it was important for the children to be educated. Lincoln became adept at writing and reading. And almost from the beginning he a became a leader. These years of Lincoln's childhood were short. He grew up in tough economic times. Out of necessity Abraham was worked very hard on the family farm. He was even hired out to work for other farmers and by law Thomas Linco... ... Sherman's army to storm through and end the war. He did this as the surest way to end the killing and salvage the American dream. Lee surrendered his forces at Appomatox Courthouse on April 10, 1865. Four days later Lincoln was shot by an assassins bullet, while attending a play at the Ford's Theater. John Wilkes Booth, the assassin, enter the president's theater box, and at a distance of about two feet shot Lincoln in the back of the head. Booth escaped by jumping down on to the stage and escaped through the rear of the theater. Twenty-one men carried Lincoln out of the theater to a boarding house down the street. Lincoln never regained consciousness. At 7:22 p.m., April 15, 1865, President Lincoln was pronounced dead. It was not until April 26 that Booth was tracked down to a farm in Virginia, where he was shot. American innocence died with Booth's shot at Ford's Theater. Lincoln would not live to see the peace that he had strived 4 long years for. We will always wonder what Lincoln would have done for this country if he had not died. Instead, we will always ponder what was lost that night at the Ford's Theater, what ended there and what began.

Drinking Age Controversy

In the United States, a citizen is considered an â€Å"adult† at the age of 18, and with that new title comes many responsibilities, such as the right to vote and to join the army. However, the legal drinking age in America is twenty-one. This issue has been a major controversy for some time now that faces both national and state governments. Should the drinking age be lowered to the age when legally a person becomes an adult and assumes all other adult responsibilities, or should it remain at a higher age to allow people to grow more mature and, hopefully, make more responsible decisions? In the mid 1600’s, colonial laws attempted to control alcohol consumption, but drinking per se was not remonstrated. Between 1913 and 1919 there was a lot of controversy between the â€Å"wet† states, which were states that allowed liquor, and the â€Å"dry† states, which were against and had made liquor illegal. On October 28, 1919, Congress enacted the National Prohibition Act, also known as the Volstead Act. The 18th Amendment was to become effective on January 17, 1920, and in those three months before the amendment became effective, alcohol was stolen in mass quantities from government warehouses. Throughout the thirteen years that Prohibition was enforced, the demand for alcohol only grew. The 18th Amendment was repealed on December 5, 1933 following the 21st Amendment, which was effective immediately. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act followed the 21st Amendment on July 17, 1984 stating that all states prohibit anyone under the age of 21 consuming, purchasing, or being in possession of alcohol. If the states would not comply with the law, they would not get funding under the Federal Aid Highway Act. This bill was supported by many people, one being arguably the most influential, was Candy Lightner. She founded the MADD (Mothers Against Drunk Driving) after losing her daughter in 1980 to a car accident involving a drunk driver. On average, according to MADD statistics, a person is killed by a drunk driver every forty minutes. In 2007, about 13,000 people were killed in alcohol impaired driving crashes. A â€Å"binge drinker† is defined as a person who has more than 5 drinks in one sitting, which is becoming a large issue at college campuses worldwide. Presidents from over 100 universities have voted to lower the drinking age in order to cut the amount of underage drinking on campuses. Frequent users† will drink anywhere from three times a week to everyday. A â€Å"moderate user† is someone who drinks anywhere from once a week to once a month. The decision of whether or not to keep the drinking age at 21 or lower it to 18 is continually discussed between groups such as MADD, Mothers Against Drunk Driving, who fight to keep the drinking age at 21 and LAFAA, Legalize Alcohol For All Adults, who fight to lower the drinking age. Karl Marx’s Conflict Theory is one way to explain the disagreements between those who want to lower the drinking age, and those who don’t. His theory states that social organization and change is based upon conflicts within the society. People between the ages of 18 and 21, called stakeholders, feel that they aren’t getting to exercise all of their rights to being an adult by government definition. They given all of the responsibilities and consequences of adults such as the right to vote, the ability to adopt, the right to join the military, the right to be charged with the highest punishment if accused of a crime, the right to get married, the right to buy and create pornography, etc. LAFAA would argue that with given all of these rights, government defined adults would also have to right to choose whether or not to consume alcohol. The families that allow their children to drink give a conflicting message to those who are a part of the underage drinking. Children then grow up thinking that underage drinking isn’t a big deal and is also a fun and â€Å"cool† thing to do. A large part of the â€Å"cool† factor, some would say, has to do with it being illegal to their age group. The thrill is what makes the drinking more exciting. The law also states that government usually follows majority opinion, and if this is fact, then the drinking age would be lowered seeing that two-thirds of Americans consume alcohol. Those arguing for keeping the drinking age at or above 21, such as MADD, argue that lowering the drinking age would enable younger adults to be able to purchase and drink alcohol legally, which would inevitably result in higher mortality rates. Although 18 year olds are considered adults, some think that they are still not mature enough to make to correct choices about alcohol. Those who think that keeping the drinking age at a higher minimum are trying to keep the demand for alcohol down and are also trying to keep the roads safer from drunk drivers. People between the ages of 18 and 20 will have just started college for the most part and don’t need alcohol interfering with their studies and their ability to succeed in life. Condoning the drinking of newly formed adults would only cause chaos and cause more fatalities. To MADD the cost of drinking outweighs the benefits since the highest numbers of fatalities in the United States are due to alcohol related deaths. Evidence tends to support the notion that keeping the drinking age at 21 is the safest and most responsible thing to do. Although it is taking some of Americans rights away, it is also ensuring the safety of thousands of citizens. Depending on whether you are liberal or conservative, opinions on how many rights government should take away will differ tremendously. The safety of American people should always be the most important aspect of keeping the United States a safe and enjoyable place to live. No matter whether the age is kept at 21 or lowered to 18, the controversy between the groups will never end. References http://www.druglibrary.org/Schaffer/LIBRARY/studies/nc/nc2a.htm

The Most They Ever Had Book Review

Cory W. Smith Mrs. Huskinsson English 101 18 November 2012 Book Review: The Most They Ever Had The Most They Ever Had is a story of suffering, hard work, and sacrifice. It is a collaboration of interviews conducted on the textile workers of the Profile cotton mill in Jacksonville, Alabama. The author of the book, Rick Bragg, compiles the stories of these people because he is one of them. He was raised in Jacksonville, Alabama. His older brother, Sam, worked at the mill. Bragg wrote this story of his people because it was a story that needed to be heard.The Most They Ever Had tells the simple lives of the men that just wanted to make a living to support a family and make it through this life to get to the next. The title is so fitting because they lived such simple lives that the mill coming to town meant survival. It meant having a somewhat stable job and the ability to buy a house and put food on the table. It was, in fact, the most they ever had. The job came with a price, however. The workers paid for their means of survival with their health. They worked unventilated rooms saturated with lint.The constant inhalation of these minute particles eventually caused damage to the workers lungs causing a disease called â€Å"brown lung. † Because the job was so sought after, the workers could lose their job for the smallest mishaps, even missing one day of work due to illness. The workers could be sick as dogs, but they would still clock in a put in their daily hours. Their daily struggles can teach the readers a lesson–to never take things in life for granted. These workers labor tirelessly day in and day out just to put a roof over their family’s head and food on the table.They worked in terrible conditions, but they rarely complained because they appreciated what they had. That, I believe, is a main purpose behind this book. Not only to tell the readers the stories of these true American heroes, but also to teach them this valuable lesson. T he Profile cotton mill opened its doors in Jacksonville, Alabama in 1905 and remained open until 2001 when it shut down without warning and left the workers still trying to pay off mortgages with no pension. Bragg tells the stories of the mountain people from this region just trying to get by paycheck to paycheck. He insights us on the tyrant mill owners and managers.He also informs us of the tragedies the workers endured like Charlie Hardy’s story of how he, â€Å"one of the best front-porch guitar pickers,† lost his â€Å"picking arm† to a machine in the mill and had to give up his talent. Or the tragic story of Leon Spears, the 65 year old man that began working at the mill when he was seventeen that has to carry an oxygen tank close by because of the damage done to his lungs by the cotton filled air of the mill. Bragg explains how the corrupt bosses would blame the workers’ troubled breathing on hangovers and laziness rather than inadequate working co nditions.Still, however, the workers would show up day after day because they knew that the mill gave them a means of survival. The workers of the mill never gave up hope, though, that things would get better, and, eventually, they did. Over time conditions improved. Profile mill workers, in time, earned â€Å"one of the best blue collar paychecks in the foothills. † The book is informative because it does exactly that–it informs. If I had not read this book, I would have never learned the stories of these brave Americans and their families. It tells you what life in a mid 20th century mill town was like.Bragg doesn’t stop at informative, however. He portrays the workers’ stories in a way that one becomes attached to them. Bragg writes in such an eloquent and descriptive manner that by the end of the book, one believes that he or she actually knows the mill workers of Jacksonville, Alabama. One of the most amazing components of this book, in my opinion, i s that the workers living this tragedy didn’t even realize that they were living one. It was just their life. They worked in such harsh working conditions and under such greedy bosses, but they didn’t look at themselves with pity. They didn’t complain.They did what they had to do to support their family and to make ends meet. Another intense part of the book for me was reading Charlie Hardy’s story. Charlie lost his arm to a machine and by result had to give up on his talent of guitar playing. Since I am a musician myself, I can hardly imagine what it would feel like to be told that I would never be able to play the guitar again. Rick Bragg’s The Most They Ever Had is amazing book of conquest over struggle. The mill workers of Jacksonville, Alabama gave life and limb to provide for their family and never gave up hope that someday things would get better.They never gave up on their families that depended on that paycheck. The Most They Ever Had show s that things in life don’t always come easy and that we must work hard for the things in life we love most. I highly recommend this book to anyone that likes a good conquest story because that’s what this story boils down to. It’s the story of how the workers of the Profile cotton mill trying to overcame the struggles of everyday life in the textile mill of Jacksonville, Alabama. Works Cited: Bragg, Rick. the most they ever had. San Fransisco: MacAdam/Cage, 2009. Print.

Blood and Blood Product Safety and the Role of Government

One million Americans are infected with HIV. One in six of these people do not know that they are infected. In the 1980s, about 8,000 hemophiliacs were infected with HIV and hepatitis due to blood supply infections. Companies that sell drugs used to manage blood coagulation of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Disease Control Center (CDC), Government, National Hemophilia Foundation (NHF), and hemophilia patients I know that the factor is contaminated. Either way, due to the high price of these products, they still sell it. The health of the United States depends on blood and technology. Blood and blood products play an important and irreplaceable role in medicine. Every year 5 million people receive erythrocytes, blood coagulation factors, or blood transfusions from plasma products. Traditionally, the technical aspects of blood have long been dedicated to improving blood safety, collection and storage. The system is not perfect, and some experts have expressed concern that r eaction to Jika is too slow and too cautious. Finding the right balance between speed and accuracy is always a problem and it is worth reviewing in future articles. However, from the viewpoint of winter of 2017, we can see that confirmed case of infection by transfusion has not been confirmed in the United States. In the past Prior to blood transfusion, many measures were taken to ensure the quality, compatibility and safety of blood products. In 2012, 70% of countries formulate domestic blood policies, 62% of which enact specific laws covering transfusion safety and quality. Blood transfusions usually use blood sources: themselves (autologous blood transfusion) or other people (allogeneic or allogeneic transfusions). The latter is more general than the former. To use other people's blood, you need to donate blood first. Blood is most often injected intravenously into whole blood and collected with anticoagulants. In developed countries, donors are usually anonymous to recipients, b ut products in blood banks can always be individually tracked through donation, testing, separation of ingredients, storage, and delivery to recipients throughout the cycle .

Critical response paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Critical response paper - Essay Example She later moved to Edmonton to work with abused children and teens in the child welfare system. At the age of 30, she collapsed with chronic fatigue syndrome. Recovering at home, she began her first novel. Therapy is an important part of recovery and for Goobie, a large part of her therapy is writing. As she was suffering from blurred vision she dictated the story a few minutes into a tape recorder. It was about a girl who decides to stop shaving her legs and enter a beauty pageant. The novel Mission Impossible won an award from the Writer’s Guild of Alberta and was nominated for the Governor General Award for children’s literature. According to Goobie there are a lot of negative messages given to children and teenagers in our society. She tries to reverse these as much as possible in her books. Her writing reflects the issues surrounding the anger and powerlessness of those too young to defend themselves. Beth Goobie has worked for a long time with children who have been physically and sexually abused. Expressing these feelings many of Beth’s novels have aimed to try and save young adults. Both her books, Scars of Light and The Only Good Heart are built on the theme of cults, abuse and emotional torture. Books like these have been therapeutic for her mind and a warning to others. In her words childhood is mostly about programming us to keep us in line so that as adults we stay in line and she tries to encourage kids to see beyond that. Goobie is well known for her quirky and dark young adult novels. She published several of them beginning in 1994. She wrote the much acclaimed Scars of light in 1994, in which she wrote about her traumatic experiences as a child in. The brutally realistic poems won her the Pat Lowther Memorial Award and were nominated for a Governor General’s Award for poetry. This was followed by 2 more Sticks and stones and Kicked out in 1995. In

Nursing Roles for Advanced Practice-Resources (Certified Nurse Essay

Nursing Roles for Advanced Practice-Resources (Certified Nurse Midwife) - Essay Example sing people in nursing homes, refugee camps, and a variety of places that other people would otherwise not go were they not in the nursing profession, which is a helping profession. Today’s nurse is more preoccupied with more logistics than before, but that has increasingly become more possible with technological advances in nursing now. The major components of my future professional role include maintaining a high level of quality care as well as a professional image. According to the ANA website (2011), â€Å"The American Nurses Association (ANA) represents Americas registered nurses (RNs). We promote high nursing quality [and] address nursing ethics [issues]† (pgh. 1). The required components of graduate education for my specific role mainly include two things: 1) completion of a successful training program; 2) having the required credits to graduate in my field; and 3) clinical experience. My current program of study helps address all of these requirements by helping me to not only receive a theoretical foundation, but also provides a place where praxis takes place. 1. Go to the American Nurses Credentialing Center and look up and describe possible advanced certification exams and criteria relevant to your future specialty practice. http://www.nursecredentialing.org/cert/eligibility.html There is an exam required for case management. For case management nursing certification, the American Nurses Credentialing Center (2011) says, â€Å"All requirements must be completed prior to application for the examination. [One must]: [h]old a current, active RN license in a state or territory of the United States or the professional, legally recognized equivalent in another country; [h]ave practiced the equivalent of two years full time as a registered nurse; [h]ave a minimum of 2,000 hours of clinical practice in case management nursing within the last three years; [and] [h]ave completed 30 hours of continuing education in case management within the last three

Mid term exam essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mid term exam - Essay Example I have never had the opportunity, or the confidence, to try my hand at creative writing. In fact, the idea of becoming a writer never crossed my mind. I held the view that ‘Writing is very difficult’ and is suitable only for very gifted, clever persons. I started learning English only in the seventh grade. Unfortunately, English remained a difficult foreign language to be studied at school, and I did not do any reading outside of my classes. I completed High School in Saudi Arabia without doing any additional reading in English. On my arrival in the United States as a baccalaureate student, I was fully occupied with making adjustments to a strange country and culture. As I started my study of Respiratory Therapy at the University of Indianapolis, I was completely focused on meeting my academic requirements and did not do any reading. It is my good fortune that English 102 is a part of my course. English 102 has rekindled my interest in reading. I am totally surprised at the variety of books available in English. There is something to suit the taste of every individual. I realize that, to this point of my life, I have made the mistake of ignoring any reading or writing which did not fall into my academic syllabus. I have been introduced to poems and stories which have opened a new world for me. I consider it a success that I am beginning to understand and deeply enjoy reading stories and poems in English. The delight I get is definitely worth the effort. I am also slowly beginning to think that I can also try to write! Of course, I realize that this is going to be a very slow process, as I have a long way to go in mastering the English language. But I am developing the confidence that I can read and write good English. The piece of short fiction which has kindled a genuine delight in English literature in me is Ernest Hemingway’s story, â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants.† I am

Post Soviet Eurasia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Post Soviet Eurasia - Essay Example Speaking about the collapse of the Soviet Union, it is important to note that the its main reason was killing of established regime by the crisis, caused by the internal contradictions of the Soviet system and the inability of the Communist Party to resolve them. The end of the Soviet Union led to the ethnic and other conflicts that resulted in thousands of victims and became the cause of instant impoverishment of millions of people as well as the development of the widespread criminality and massive loss of life guidelines. The question of the Post-Soviet reality is more complicated. All former Soviet republics managed to transform themselves into the independent states, which could be hardly imagined in 1991. Today the economic situation in these areas is different. Before the beginning of the global economic crisis, almost all countries of the former Soviet Union managed to overcome deep financial default, caused by the collapse and reconstruction of all-union economy. â€Å"Most of the armed conflicts that accompanied the collapse of the Soviet Union took place in the Caucasus. The independent countries of the south – Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia – are beset by the economic problems, social unrest and territorial disputes† (King, Charles, 2008). The origins of the Georgian-Ossetian conflict lie in the events of the late 1980s, when the activation of the Georgian national movement for the independence from the Union center and the radical actions of its leaders led to a sharp deterioration of relations between Georgians and ethnic minorities (primarily, the Abkhazians and Ossetians, who had their own autonomous education and demanded to enhance their status). In 1992, South Ossetia was an independent state, with its own constitution (adopted in 1993), and state symbols. Georgian authorities continued to accept it as the Tskhinvali region, but they did not take active steps to establish control over it. In

Intervention Strategies Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Intervention Strategies - Article Example ne membrane lung disease (now called as a respiratory distress syndrome or RDS) and as a result, was placed on a ventilator for several weeks during the period he was still in the hospital nursery. Paul spoke his first words at 11 months and had his first walk attempts at approximately 14 months. He mostly avoids any of the physical activities as a toddler and as a young kid, preferring more sedentary activities like looking at books or watching cartoon shows on television for some hours on end. He was enrolled in a nursery school at age 5 and had shown great promise during his kindergarten years, as observed by his teacher and reported to his parents. He then showed the first signs of depression and withdrawal from his peers. The intervention strategy selected for Paul is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as it is shown to be effective in a good number of similar cases. CBT combines behavioral therapy and cognitive therapy; it focuses on the etiology of depressive disorders such as low self-esteem and feelings of being overwhelmed due to over-sensitivity on trivial matters, in turn usually caused by emotional maladjustments and dysfunction behaviors (Lehmann & Coady, 2001, p. 176). Paul is entering adolescence which is a period of great changes, both physiologically and emotionally. CBT is focused on his dysfunctional thinking patterns which caused his low self-esteem, brought about by over-simplification (generalization) and magnification (stress on the negatives and ignoring the positives) where everything seems to be extremely very important, urgent or necessary. The intervention therapy tries to cure him by modifying his behavior pattern and at the same time develop mental flexibility by doing away with his unrealistic thoughts due to arbitrary inferences and selective abstractions (Verduyn, Rogers & Wood, 2009, p. 49). Paul showed excellent response to CBT even in just a few weeks after starting therapy. It was emphasized to him that his anxieties and

Data Manipulation Essay Example for Free

Data Manipulation Essay The tables required in the system will be Customer, Products, Staff and salary. The individual fields in each table will be as follows: CUSTOMER (CustomerID, Surname, FirstName and customer address) PRODUCTS (ProductID, Title, Description, Type and Amount) STAFF (StaffID, Name, address and contact number) STAFF SALARY (wages per hour, hours per day and days per week) There will be two reports produced. To produce a report for the products purchased; a query will be run to combine the data from the customer table and the product table. The user will be able to specify the products bought by a customer with the entire amount calculated to give the customer benefits of getting more offers. The second report will print the amount of salary each staff earns per hour, hours/day and days/week. The user is asked to enter the StaffID and name to enter its database. Output The two reports should be able to be viewed on screen with an option of printing it as well. The product purchased report should be printed so that they can give some discounts on particular customers who shop a lot at the store. The staff salary report should also be printed before any meetings so that they can decide on who to get paid more and who shouldnt. Backup / Security Strategy The main computer that has all the data needed should be backed up on a CD every week or even when a large amount of data has been input to the system. This CD should be kept away the main computer incase of a fire, theft or flood. There should be password security on the system so that people cannot hack into it. Access has a password protection before entering the data so that no one can hack into it. Part Three Initial Designs Form Design There will be 4 forms for the data entry. Frm Customer This form will be used for entering customer details. My initial design is shown below Frm Product This form is used to enter all the products available at the store and the prices of each product. Frm Staff This form will be used to enter the staff details. Frm Salary This form will be used to enter the salary of each staff working in the store. Report Design There will be 2 reports. These can be either printed or viewed on screen. Report customer list This report will come from a query, which combines data the customer table and the product table. The user will be able to enter the Customer name to enter the report for the customer report This initial design is shown below Report Staff Salary This report will show how a staff details and how much they earn and how are they rated between 1 to 5 stars for working. Mr. Smith can rate this every week. Menu Design The menu structure for this system will look like this: User Feedback on Initial designs The initial designs were shown to the manager of the store for his feedback and approval. Mr. Smith had the following comments and suggestions: I have looked at your designs very carefully and they appear to be useful for me and I did however think of 1 or 2 changes that could perhaps change 1) The product types should include which category it is in such as racing, shooting. It would also be easier and helpful if everytime you dont have to type in what category it is in. 2) Can the 2 reports be printed all together with a click of a button because it can be time consuming 3) Can you also do something that can calculate the amount of the products and salary for the staff Final Design Table design Four tables are required in this system. They are related as follows: The tables are defined as follows: Form Design The form designs were amended in accordance with Mr. Smiths suggestions and final designs are shown below. There is a combo box added for the category of the product, which can be easier to select the category instead typing it all the time. Query Design I will need to create 2 different queries. These will form the sources for my reports. QryCustomerlist This query will combine data from 2 tables. Using the customer table and product table. It will ask the user to give the customer name. This will then be asked to find out the customer details or the product details. For e.g. [Enter Customer name: ] QryStaffSalary This query will combine from the two tables, which are the staff table and the salary table. It will ask the user to enter the staff name to see the list of that particular staff detail For example: [enter staff name: ] Implementation We will be using Ms Access to make the system needed. I will show in steps how to create this type of a system. First open Ms Access then you will see Now the same way I need to enter 30 customer list Now we can type the detail of 30 customers without entering the product ID With the same way I also need to create the product table. After creating it the design looks like this Now I need to enter the details of the products Now we know the product ID so then I will need to add them in the customer table which does not need to be in an order because a customer may want something else. Now we need to create the relationship between these two table. Like these tables I created I will need to create another 2 more. After creating the table page will look like this After creating the staff tables I now need to create the details of them. Now for the staff salary table I need to enter the details Now I need to create the relationship between the Staff and the Staff Salary the same way as I did for Customer an Product. So open the relationship window Now as I have created the relationship between the staff and staff salary when I will open their table it will show After creating the tables I now need to create 2 query. Now I need to create a formula for which the system can calculate the total amount of the product from the quantity bought Now for calculating the VAT on these products I will do: Now I need to calculate the bill amount, which is, Amount adds the VAT. To check if these formulas work I will now test the system After seeing the amount formula working I will now need to save the work and so I will: This is how it will look like when it closes the query For the same way I need to create another query, which relates with staff salary and after it has been done it will look like this Now that Tables and Querys are finished I now need to create forms. Now need to align these in order Now I need to create title for the form . so I need to open the toolbox. It will look like this when I open the toolbox then where it says Aa click on it and make a box on the form Now I need to type in the title name. Now I have to organize the font and the font size Now I need to create command buttons for the system. After creating the commands I now need to create a the background colour now I need to save this form For the same way I will create another 4 forms and after I created it, it looks like Now I need to create reports Now finally I need to create a Main Menu, which indicate the user to use the system easily. Main Menu will also be create in the Form